1. Introduction
The world of electronic mass media in Indonesia progressively grows this last years. Electronic mass media has function to be entertainment amusement media, media of promotion and media of conveyor of journalistic masterpiece and also artistic. Broadcasting radio born because of the growth of electronic technology which applied in the form of communications technology, information and designed for processing of communications among people by emission or transmission through electromagnetic wave.
Output from broadcasting organization is broadcast. Every summit subject of broadcast planned, produced and presented to hearer with the message content having the character of informative, educative, persuasive, simulative and communicative (Wahyudi, 1994: 7). This broadcast is submitted by broadcaster and addressed to hearer by utilizing language medium. Thereby, language represents the very important element in radio broadcast, because only with the medium of language of information or message can be submitted to hearer.
Code switching and code mixing is often met in radio broadcast. Code switching and code mixing represent one of the forms from broadcaster creativity in language usage. There are some kinds of form code switching and code mixing in radio broadcast as according to function, target of or its importance each.
In this article, the writer will discuss case of code switching and code mixing on Yasika FM Radio Yogyakarta. It based on consideration code switching and code mixing that happen in broadcasting on Yasika FM Radio has the frequency which enough high if compared to the other radio stations in Yogyakarta.
2. Code Switching and Code Mixing
The meaning of code switching is switchover event from one code to other code (Suwito, 1985: 68). The forms of code switching are variant code, manner switching, style switching or register switching. According to Hymes (1975: 103) code switching represents the common term to mention the bilingual usage commutation or more, some variations of the from one language, or some style from one manner. Code switching happen if speaker, in this case broadcaster feel that situation is relevant with its code switchover. Appel (1976: 95) says that to do code switching represents the symptom of switchover of language usage because the change of situation.
There are two kinds of code switching, those are internal code switching and external code mixing (Suwito, 1985: 69). Intern code switching is code switching which happen between vernaculars in one national language, between dialects in one vernacular or among some manner and style which is in one dialect. External code switching is code switching which happen between original language and foreign language. Some factors becoming cause of the happening of code switching, for example speaker, fight against to say, attending the third person, topic, awaken to feel the humor and simply to be prestigious (Suwito, 1985: 72-74). In line with the opinion, Nababan (1984:7) says that there are some elements of influencing to do code switching those are topic, situation, target, band, and language manner.
Beside code switching, difference aspect of language interdependence is code mixing. The characteristic of code mixing depends on marked with the existence of interrelationship between role and language function.
There are two kinds of code mixing, those are inner code-mixing and outer code mixing (Suwito, 1985: 76). Inner code mixing is code mixing that happen because elements insertion stemming from original language with all its variation. Outer code mixing is code mixing that happen because elements insertion stemming from foreign language. As does code mixing, there are some causes pushing the happening of code mixing, for example identifying role, identify the manner. And also desire to explain and interpret it (Suwito, 1985: 77).
3. Code Switching and Code Mixing on Yasika FM Radio
Event of code switching and code mixing is enough dominant in so many summit subject broadcasted by Yasika FM Radio. There are some kinds of type and form of code switching and code mixing which emerge in this radio broadcast. But that way, in this article will only be taken by some example which is looked into can deputize the event of various code switching and code mixing.
3.1 Code Switching on Yasika FM Radio
Code switching on Yasika FM Radio is usually happen if at the time of event of song twiddling, a broadcaster will insert news. Code switching that happen here is internal code switching which is in the form of manner and style. Manner and style switching here happen caused by switchover of topic or a talking point. Code switching which is in the form of style and manner switching on Yasika Radio, also happen in moment submitted by a things having the character of religion, for example at the time of song twiddling later; then it is the time for echo the azan, hence broadcaster will alter the informal manner to formal manner and from easy going style to serious style.
External code mixing is also often happen Yasika Radio, namely code switching from Indonesian to English or on the contrary. That is in one of events is called "Yasika Three in One Show".
Code mixing on Yasika Radio is usually happen caused by elements insertion from English. Thereby, code switching that happen is external code mixing.
Besides code mixing goes out, broadcasting on Yasika Radio is also often met by the existence of code mixing. Code mixing happen by caused by elements insertion from Javanese, especially for the broadcast of having the character of humor.
